Количество страниц: 6 с.
Coincidentally with general improvement in epidemiological situation for tuberculosis in Sakha Republic (Yakutia) during the period from 2015 to 2017, the incidence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis has been observed to increase. This increase was associated with growing numbers of patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis with primary disability after evaluation by Medical and Social Assessment Office. Pulmonary tuberculosis was diagnosed in vast majority of them (89.4% – 88.2% – 95.4%), while 50% had various concurrent diseases. Most of the individuals referred to evaluation for disability had been classified as having class II disability. Over the study period, the rates of full and partial rehabilitation had declined from 11.6% to 3.7%, and from 25.6% to 21,5%, respectively
Павлова, Е. С. Освидетельствования и переосвидетельствования инвалидов по туберкулезу в Республике Саха (Якутия) / Е. С. Павлова, А. И. Гоголева, Н. Б. Ларионова // Предупреждение распространения туберкулезной инфекции в циркумполярных регионах России. Актуальные проблемы сочетанных инфекций (ВИЧ/ТБ/гепатиты) — 2018. — С. 92-96.
Количество страниц: 4 с.
Described are factors influencing the increase in tuberculosis incidence in Namsky district of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). In the year 2016 alone, we detected 5 patients frequently shifting their place of residence. We face difficulties in registering these patients for regular medical check-up at the local antituberculosis dispensary, because of the problems with defining patients' place of detection or place of long stay. Proper case notification and registration is crucial in choosing the right place and time for thorough anti-epidemic activities. Also we advocate mandatory double (additional) reading of x-ray films to prevent missed diagnoses
Шамаева, К. Н. Обмен опытом посвоевременному выявлению туберкулеза / К. Н. Шамаева // Предупреждение распространения туберкулезной инфекции в циркумполярных регионах России. Актуальные проблемы сочетанных инфекций (ВИЧ/ТБ/гепатиты) — 2018. — С. 102-104.
Количество страниц: 6 с.
Timely and adequate medical treatment of the patients with sudden cardiac arrest in the prehospital phase is vital for the disease outcomes. A study was conducted at the Yakutsk City Emergency Department with the purpose of assessing the quality of prehospital resuscitation and the impact of simulation trainings on life support. The sampling method was used to study all deaths and resuscitation cases in the period 2017-2020. It was established that the average figure for successful cardiac resuscitation was 29.8%, increasing to 36.8% when the circulatory arrest happened in the presence of an emergency medical team. The study assessed the quality of resuscitation after the staff completed training course in the new techniques of Four-Step Approach for emergency medical teams and Three-Step Approach for resuscitation teams. It revealed the significance of simulation trainings for keeping paramedics ready for high-quality professional resuscitation. In addition to analyzing and monitoring the resuscitation provided by emergency medical teams, it is important to develop an optimum strategy and to improve the forms of conducting simulation trainings
Симуляционные технологии в повышении качества реанимационной помощи на догоспитальном этапе / Д. В. Босиков, С. Ю. Иванов, А. А. Иванова, А. Ф. Потапов // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия: Медицинские науки.— 2021. — N 1 (22). — С. 11-16.
DOI: 10.25587/SVFU.2021.22.1.002
Количество страниц: 8 с.
The article presents the peculiarities of interventional intervention in elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) basing on the data from the hospital register of the Regional Vascular Center, Republic’s Hospital No. 2 - Center for Emergency Medical Aid for 5 years. The analysis covered 981 patients aged 75 and over. In the period 2015-2019, for this category of patients, coronary angiography was performed in 50% of hospitalized patients, whereas percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) - only in 1/3 of the patients with ACS. Compared with the general group of patients, less frequent use of coronary angiography and PCI in this category of patients is most often due to late admission to hospital, multivessel coronary artery disease, coronary calcinosis, the presence of a severe multimorbid pathology, refusal to undergo an examination, and the predictable impossibility of taking necessary antithrombotic drugs in the coming months. The study group showed a high hospital mortality rate of 9.9%, especially in the patients with Q-positive MI (31.4%). The analysis of this study will improve patient management and treatment, and improve outcomes for patients of 75 years of age and older
Реперфузионная терапия у лиц старческого возраста с острым коронарным синдромом / Л. А. Петрова, Е. С. Кылбанова, А. Г. Васильева [и другие] // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия: Медицинские науки.— 2021. — N 1 (22). — С. 17-23.
DOI: 10.25587/SVFU.2021.22.1.003
Количество страниц: 8 с.
Acetylsalicylic acid is one of the most widely prescribed antiplatelet drugs in medicine. For the evaluation of the effectiveness of antiplatelet drugs in clinical practice, laboratory testing is used as an aggregometry method. This method makes it possible to estimate the aggregation activity of platelets in persons under treatment with acetylsalicylic acid preparations. High aggregation activity of platelets is thought to be associated with aspirin resistance, a state in which acetylsalicylic acid preparations are unable to prevent excess platelet aggregation and platelet events. This is due to the early increase in neurological deficits and the repeated development of ischemic stroke in patients in the acute period. A large number of factors, including race, sex and the carrying of certain genetic polymorphisms, influence the development of aspirin resistance. According to some sources, low aggreragative activity of platelets means increased sensitivity to the drug, which may lead to complications with aspirin, haemorrhagic events of various localizationsin particular. A study of the aggregate activity of platelets in the population will make it possible to avoid unnecessary aspirin intake as a primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases
Эверстова, Т. Я. Проблемы аспиринорезистентности во вторичной профилактике ишемического инсульта / Т. Е. Эверстова, Т. Я. Николаева // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия: Медицинские науки.— 2021. — N 1 (22). — С. 33-40.
DOI: 10.25587/SVFU.2021.22.1.005
Количество страниц: 6 с.
Currently there persists a high incidence of infections specific for the early neonatal period, among which fetal infections predominate. Infections of the fetus and the newborn infant play a significant role in the development of infectious inflammatory diseases. The relevance of the problem of fetal infections is due not only to the severe course in the neonatal period, but also to the risk of developing serious diseases in the future. The true incidence of congenital infections has not yet been established. This article analyzes the prevalence of the main pathogens of fetal infections in newborns and pregnant women. The frequency of implementation of intrauterine infection has significant differences in etiology. Transmission of CMV, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma pneumoniae was observed as often as possible, and in the case of Ureaplasma urealyticum in pregnant women, the active process took place three times more often than in newborns. An active infectious process of Toxoplasma gondii was not observed in any newborn. Assessment of the frequency of detection of intrauterine infections in patients in the intensive care unit made it possible to conclude that the severity of the condition is not determined by any one infectious agent, but is the result of a complex effect. Infection with Candida albicas is rarely diagnosed. This is apparently due to insufficient diagnostics. In the vast majority of cases, the source of infection for the fetus is the mother. Fetal infections are considered one of the most pressing problems of modern medicine, the solution of which is possible only with an interdisciplinary approach and joint work of medical specialists of various profiles (obstetricians-gynecologists, infectious disease specialists, neonatologists, pediatricians, epidemiologists)
Маркеры внутриутробных инфекций у беременных женщин и новорожденных / Т. Г. Дмитриева, С. Н. Алексеева, Е. И. Белолюбская [и другие] // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия: Медицинские науки.— 2020. — N 4 (21). — С. 29-34.
DOI: 10.25587/SVFU.2020.21.4.004
Количество страниц: 6 с.
2000 WHO guidelines for treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis recommend chemotherapy duration of 18 to 24 months, while neglecting the use of surgical treatment. In particular, the guidelines contained no optimal time to surgery or surgical interventions for patients with irreversible destructive alterations. We used patterns of morphogenesis in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis to develop an algorithm to organize and manage the surgical treatment of patients. Based on algorithm, patients are distributed depending on their disease course patterns: extensive destructive disease or limited forms of tuberculosis. For patients with extensive destructive tuberculosis, an optimal time for surgery is between months 4-6 during intensive phase, when tuberculosis has proliferative disease course. In patients who have limited localized disease, surgery is optimal between months 3-4 since the start of chemotherapy (90-120 doses). Analysis of surgical treatment results in patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis showed high effectiveness of multimodal treatment in 93.1% of patients with extensive disease (exacerbation was observed in 6.9%), and in 97.6% of patients with localized multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (with exacerbation in 2.4%)
Винокуров, И. И. Особенности организации хирургического лечения больных с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью туберкулеза легких в условиях региона Крайнего Севера / И. И. Винокуров, А. Ф. Кравченко // Предупреждение распространения туберкулезной инфекции в циркумполярных регионах России. Актуальные проблемы сочетанных инфекций (ВИЧ/ТБ/гепатиты) — 2018. — С. 22-27.
Количество страниц: 6 с.
Presented in the article, are activities that the Phthisiatry Research-Practice Center undertook, with support from the Northern Forum, to address the problem of tuberculosis in circumpolar territories. Dedication of the managerial staff, along with focused efforts to make visible the problem of tuberculosis in extreme Arctic and northern circumstances, allowed the Phthisiatry Center earn its place in a number of international and Russian projects, and membership in the working groups of ICS-TB (International Circumpolar Surveillance for Tuberculosis) and Northern Forum. Collaborative projects are intended to thoroughly study the specifics of northern regions, characterize common trends, outline ways to begin to solve problems, expand and contribute to world science the knowledge about circumpolar areas, increase awareness about epidemiological situation in other regions with similar climate, geographic conditions, and common spatial, social, and economic challenges
Винокурова, М. К. Участие НПЦ "Фтизиатрия" в проектах ICS-ТВ и Северного форума по мониторингу инфекционных заболеваний / М. К. Винокурова, А. Ф. Кравченко // Предупреждение распространения туберкулезной инфекции в циркумполярных регионах России. Актуальные проблемы сочетанных инфекций (ВИЧ/ТБ/гепатиты) — 2018. — С. 29-33.
Количество страниц: 4 с.
Tuberculosis remains a social disease with a high prevalence over the world. The problem of tuberculosis is inseparable from the deterioration in population socio-economic standard of living. Tuberculosis infection reservoir is currently observed to grow, largely due to risk groups, and primarily, vulnerable, socially marginalized population groups. Socially vulnerable groups include homeless individuals, internal and external (near and far abroad), refugees from zones of ethnic or local military conflicts, unemployed, chronic alcohol and drug abusers, prisoners, and residents of shelters for disabled or elderly people. Social marginalization (so called de-adaptation) is the core underlying reason to why these patient groups have higher detection rates of extensive destructive tuberculosis with advanced stages or with primary drug resistance (including multidrug resistance), associated, as a result, with low success rates of multimodal treatment
Организация и проведение профилактического флюорографического обследования социально уязвимой группы населения г. Якутска / Е. Д. Апросимов, Л. П. Шепелева, А. М. Лукина и [другие] // Предупреждение распространения туберкулезной инфекции в циркумполярных регионах России. Актуальные проблемы сочетанных инфекций (ВИЧ/ТБ/гепатиты) — 2018. — С. 10-12.
Количество страниц: 4 с.
Presented are trends over time (2012-2016) in key epidemiological indicators for tuberculosis in Megino-Kangalassky district of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), a region with high risk of tuberculosis transmission. Negative trend to increase in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis has been observed. Nevertheless, by conducting a scope of multifaceted measures, we were able to meaningfully improve treatment effectiveness in new cases, and effectiveness of regular medical check-up of existing pool of tuberculosis patients
Борисова, Е. С. Эпидемиологическая ситуация по туберкулезу и показатели туберкулеза множественной лекарственной устойчивостью в Мегино-Кангаласском районе Якутии / Е. С. Борисова // Предупреждение распространения туберкулезной инфекции в циркумполярных регионах России. Актуальные проблемы сочетанных инфекций (ВИЧ/ТБ/гепатиты) — 2018. — С. 12-14.