Количество страниц: 6 с.
Congenital hypothyroidism (CH), a violation of the secretion of thyroid hormones, is one of the most common congenital diseases of the endocrine glands, leading to severe disability without timely diagnosis and treatment. The incidence of CH ranges from 1 case per 4000-5000 newborns in Europe and North America to 1 case per 6000-7000 newborns in Japan. In addition, in children with the Down syndrome, the risk of developing CH is 35 times higher compared to the general population. In girls, the disease occurs 2-2.5 times more often than in boys. Currently, there is no doubt that CH in its prevalence and medico-social significance occupies an important place among childhood endocrine pathologies. The neonatal screening program for the determination of congenital hypothyroidism allows for early diagnosis and adequate treatment of children, which can help to avoid complications associated with a lack of hormones. Most newborns have no hypothyroidism clinic at birth because maternal hormones even in late pregnancy penetrate the placenta, and cord blood contains from 25 to 50 % of hormones of maternal origin. Most often, the clinical picture of congenital hypothyroidism in newborns develops gradually and is not clearly manifested in all children in the neonatal period. If obvious symptoms are noted already in the first week of life, a severe form of hypothyroidism due to aplasia or severe thyroid hypoplasia can be suspected. Hypothyroidism due to moderate hypoplasia, ectopia of the thyroid gland, or hormonal abnormalities may not have clinical manifestations during the neonatal period and may even manifest after 2-6 years of age. Screening programs may skip cases of congenital hypothyroidism (early discharge, laboratory error, severe illness, prematurity, low birth weight, transfer to another hospital, etc.), therefore, with clinical signs of hypothyroidism, a second hormonal examination is necessary. This article presents a clinical case of congenital hypothyroidism in a newborn baby in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia)
Егорова, В. Б. Клинический случай внутри врожденного гипотиреоза у новорожденного / В. Б. Егорова, В. П. Афанасьева, Н. А. Потапова // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия: Медицинские науки.— 2020. — N 4 (21). — С. 35-39.
DOI: 10.25587/SVFU.2020.21.4.006
Количество страниц: 6 с.
Currently there persists a high incidence of infections specific for the early neonatal period, among which fetal infections predominate. Infections of the fetus and the newborn infant play a significant role in the development of infectious inflammatory diseases. The relevance of the problem of fetal infections is due not only to the severe course in the neonatal period, but also to the risk of developing serious diseases in the future. The true incidence of congenital infections has not yet been established. This article analyzes the prevalence of the main pathogens of fetal infections in newborns and pregnant women. The frequency of implementation of intrauterine infection has significant differences in etiology. Transmission of CMV, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma pneumoniae was observed as often as possible, and in the case of Ureaplasma urealyticum in pregnant women, the active process took place three times more often than in newborns. An active infectious process of Toxoplasma gondii was not observed in any newborn. Assessment of the frequency of detection of intrauterine infections in patients in the intensive care unit made it possible to conclude that the severity of the condition is not determined by any one infectious agent, but is the result of a complex effect. Infection with Candida albicas is rarely diagnosed. This is apparently due to insufficient diagnostics. In the vast majority of cases, the source of infection for the fetus is the mother. Fetal infections are considered one of the most pressing problems of modern medicine, the solution of which is possible only with an interdisciplinary approach and joint work of medical specialists of various profiles (obstetricians-gynecologists, infectious disease specialists, neonatologists, pediatricians, epidemiologists)
Маркеры внутриутробных инфекций у беременных женщин и новорожденных / Т. Г. Дмитриева, С. Н. Алексеева, Е. И. Белолюбская [и другие] // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия: Медицинские науки.— 2020. — N 4 (21). — С. 29-34.
DOI: 10.25587/SVFU.2020.21.4.004
Количество страниц: 8 с.
The state of the hemostasis system was assessed by the thrombodynamic characteristics of the blood in 75 patients with pathology of the cardiovascular system, who were treated in the Cardiology Department of the Clinical Hospital “Russian Railways-Medicine” in the city of Saratov. Two groups were distinguished: Group 1 - 32 patients without an oncological history, Group 2 - 43 patients with a cardiac pathology registered in the oncological dispensary. Hypercoagulable changes in the thrombodynamic properties of blood were detected in most patients in both groups: in 53 % of the cardiac patients without a burdened oncological history and in 72 % of the cardiac patients with a burdened oncological history (no significant difference between the groups). The phenomenon of spontaneous thrombus formation was also equally often observed in both study groups. The structure of hypercoagulable changes differs in patients of the two groups. Velocity parameters of thrombodynamic characteristics of blood were increased in patients of the both groups. However, the addition of a burdened oncological history in cardiac patients aggravates hypercoagulable disorders due to the addition to the pathology of the speed indicators of the clot germ of the pathology of qualitative characteristics - an increased size of the fibrin clot
Рамазанова, З. Г. Состояние тромботической готовности у пациентов с патологией сердечно-сосудистой системы и отягощенным онкологическим анамнезом / З. Г. Рамазанова, С. С. Паршина // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия: Медицинские науки.— 2020. — N 4 (21). — С. 22-28.
DOI: 10.25587/SVFU.2020.21.4.002
Количество страниц: 10 с.
The article is devoted to the current problem of human health with the development of diselementosis due to environmental pollution by anthropogenic impact in the pursuit of the extraction of energy resources - coal mining. The purpose of the article is to identify the features of the microelement profile in children of the coal-mining region of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). Using the ISP-AES methods on the Optima 2000 DV (PerkinElmer) (Zn) and ICP-MS on the Elan 9000 (PerkinElmer) (Al, As, Cd, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sr Ti,), the content of 11 chemical elements in the hair was identified. The peculiarity of the microelement profile of children was revealed. The authors highlight the characteristic features of diselementosis in two age groups, describe an increase in the prevalence of Ni, Mn, Ti, As, Sr hyperelementosis in the pubertal period and high rates of Cu, Zn, Al hypoelementosis in the prepubertal period. Thanks to the methods of anthropometry, medical examination, the presence of diseases and the ratio to health groups, the authors provide a generalized description of the health status of the children. This view of the problem will be of interest to specialists in the field of medicine, biology and ecology. The obtained results of the work stimulate further research into the health status of the population of the coal-mining region of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia)
Особенности микроэлементного профиля детского населения в угледобывающем регионе Республики Саха (Якутия) / У. Д. Антипина, С. В. Маркова, С. Н. Алексеева, Е. П. Байбаллыкова // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия: Медицинские науки.— 2020. — N 4 (21). — С. 13-21.
DOI: 10.25587/SVFU.2020.21.4.001
Количество страниц: 8 с.
The adaptation process in the Far North is accompanied by significant changes in the physiological systems of an organism. Malfunctions of regulatory systems of the organism significantly alter a person’s ability to adapt to living conditions and lead to serious metabolic disorders. The priority of modern medicine is timely diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases in the population of the republic. Thereby, great value is given to regional programs to improve the quality of life of the republic’s residents, considering territorial and ethnic characteristics in conditions of modern socio-economic development. Under these programs, projects are being carried out for a multifactorial study of the health status of the indigenous and newcomer population in different districts of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). This work uses the results of a research of the hormonal status and lipid profile of residents of Tattinsky, Verkhnevilyuisky, Verkhoyansky and Eveno-Bytantaisky districts. Changes in lipid metabolism and the organism’s hormonal spectrum are known to cause serious diseases of the cardiovascular system, endocrine disorders, including the development of metabolic syndrome. Early diagnosis and competent interpretation of these changes, considering regional specifics, can significantly improve disease prevention, which is one of the priorities of modern medicine
Сравнительная характеристика липидного и гормонального статуса у жителей разных районов Республики Саха (Якутия) / А. Н. Алексеева, У. Д. Антипина, С. П. Птицына [и другие] // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия: Медицинские науки.— 2020. — N 4 (21). — С. 5-12.
DOI: 10.25587/SVFU.2020.21.4.011
Количество страниц: 6 с.
The possibility of slowing down vascular remodeling in hypertensive patients with the combined effect of antihypertensive drugs and statins has been studied in few works. The effect of spironolactone on vascular stiffness in relation to the severity of the hypotensive effect in combination therapy has also been insufficiently studied. The aim of the research was to study the dynamics vascular stiffness parameters in hypertension patients of high/very high cardiovascular risk in addition rosuvastatin or spironolactone to combined two-component amlodipine and lisinopril therapy. 90 patients with hypertension were randomized into groups: the first group received a fixed combination of amlodipine/lisinopril, the secons one followed the same regimen of therapy with addition of 20 mg rosuvastatin, the third - in addition to the combination of amlodipine / lisinopril received spironolactone. After 6 months of the therapy, office and average daily blood pressure decreased in all groups, to a greater extent in the group adding spironolactone to therapy. In the rosuvastatin group, a greater degree of decrease in office diastolic blood pressure was noted. The augmentation index significantly decreased in all groups, mainly in the statin supplementation group. In patients who received a fixed combination of amlodipine/lisinopril, only the speed of propagation of the pulse wave in the carotid-femoral decreased, and with the addition of spironolactone and rosuvastatin - and in the carotid-radial
Федоришина, О. В. Возможности коррекции сосудистой жесткости под влиянием статина и спиронолактона при артериальной гипертензии: промежуточные результаты проспективного исследования "артерия-АГ" / О. В. Федоришина, А. М. Торунова, К. В. Протасов // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия: Медицинские науки.— 2021. — N 1 (22). — С. 5-10.
DOI: 10.25587/SVFU.2021.22.1.001
Количество страниц: 10 с.
Результаты внедрения новых методов лечения инсульта в региональном сосудистом центре Якутии за десятилетний период / С. А. Чугунова, Е. В. Им, С. Ф. Шарина [и другие] // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия: Медицинские науки.— 2021. — N 1 (22). — С. 76-85.
DOI: 10.25587/SVFU.2021.22.1.010
Количество страниц: 8 с.
The article analyzes the performance of the Neurological Department for patients with acute cerebrovascular accidents at the Regional Vascular Center for 10 years (2011-2020). The opening of the Regional Vascular Center and primary vascular departments made it possible to reduce significantly the rates of mortality and disability from stroke in the republic. The modern technologies introduced there for providing treatment to patients with stroke reduced the mortality from hemorrhagic stroke from 23.8% in 2010 to 13.4% in 2019, with the indicator increased in 2020 to 23.5%, and from subarachnoid hemorrhage - from 40.9% in 2010 to 16.1% in 2020. The proportion of the patients capable of self-care increased from 55.8% to 67.2%. The facilities at the Regional Vascular Center allow 100% inpatient admission of the patients living in Yakutsk City
Николаева, Т. Я. Анализ показателей работы неврологического отделения регионального сосудистого центра г. Якутска за 10 лет / Т. Я. Николаева, С. Ф. Шадрина, Т. С. Егорова // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия: Медицинские науки.— 2021. — N 1 (22). — С. 57-63.
DOI: 10.25587/SVFU.2021.22.1.008
Количество страниц: 6 с.
This article contains an analysis of the ACS mortality in 2020 in the Intensive Care Unit of the Regional Vascular Center No. 1, Republic’s Hospital No. 2 -Center for Emergency Medical Aid in 2020. The aim was to assess the mortality rates, the influence of concomitant diseases, age, and the coronavirus infection; to assess the impact of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on survival in the department; and to improve the quality of medical services provided to the population. The study covered 115 patients who died in the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit. The severity of the condition at admission, concomitant diseases, and the effect of a new coronavirus infection were taken into account. Compared to 2019, the mortality rate increased by 83%. The factors that negatively affect the level of hospital mortality are as follows: cardiogenic shock, female sex, old and senile age, kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, previous myocardial infarction, hospitalization period, distance from the PCI center, and the severity of the condition upon admission. Concomitant pathologies were detected in more than 90% of the patients. The peculiarities of the course of coronavirus infection in patients with coronary artery disease have become an increase in the class of angina pectoris, an increase in the risk of acute coronary events; however, we have yet to study the effect of the new coronavirus infection and analyze the new data
Герасимов, Ф. В. Анализ летальности при остром коронарном синдроме по показателям отделения реанимации и интенсивной терапии N2 регионального сосудистого центра N1 РБ N2-ЦЭМП / Ф. В. Герасимов, Н. В. Степанова // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия: Медицинские науки.— 2021. — N 1 (22). — С. 52-56.
DOI: 10.25587/SVFU.2021.22.1.007
Количество страниц: 8 с.
Acetylsalicylic acid is one of the most widely prescribed antiplatelet drugs in medicine. For the evaluation of the effectiveness of antiplatelet drugs in clinical practice, laboratory testing is used as an aggregometry method. This method makes it possible to estimate the aggregation activity of platelets in persons under treatment with acetylsalicylic acid preparations. High aggregation activity of platelets is thought to be associated with aspirin resistance, a state in which acetylsalicylic acid preparations are unable to prevent excess platelet aggregation and platelet events. This is due to the early increase in neurological deficits and the repeated development of ischemic stroke in patients in the acute period. A large number of factors, including race, sex and the carrying of certain genetic polymorphisms, influence the development of aspirin resistance. According to some sources, low aggreragative activity of platelets means increased sensitivity to the drug, which may lead to complications with aspirin, haemorrhagic events of various localizationsin particular. A study of the aggregate activity of platelets in the population will make it possible to avoid unnecessary aspirin intake as a primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases
Эверстова, Т. Я. Проблемы аспиринорезистентности во вторичной профилактике ишемического инсульта / Т. Е. Эверстова, Т. Я. Николаева // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия: Медицинские науки.— 2021. — N 1 (22). — С. 33-40.
DOI: 10.25587/SVFU.2021.22.1.005