Количество страниц: 8 с.
The Sakha Republic (Yakutia) is one of high-risk regions in morbidity of B, C, and D viral hepatitis. The assessment of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma risk factors and ranking of them in Yakutia is a serious medical problem. Based on studying of long-term morbidity of chronic B, C, and D viral hepatitis and their outcomes, the role of HBV and HDV genotypes and the ethnic group had been determined. We destablished the fact of viruses replication in cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in conditions of unfavorable social and climate factors, genetically determined acetaldehyde increased level due to alcoholdehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyddehydrogenase (AlDH) among indigenous people of Yakutia, which requires targeted therapeutical measures. We identified the districts of Yakutia, most affected by hepatitis B, C and D viruses with progressive course of the disease to cirrhosis and cirrhosis of the liver, as well as the genotypes of hepatitis B and D viruses most likely leading to primary cancer of the liver. Another result is that combined mixt-replication of hepatitis viruses is a risk factor for the development of primary liver cancer
Основные факторы риска прогрессирования хронических вирусных гепатитов в Якутии / С. С. Слепцова, С. И. Семенов, Н. В. Борисова [и другие] // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия: Медицинские науки.— 2017. — N 4 (09). — С. 89-95.
Количество страниц: 4 с.
- Прикладные науки. Медицина. Ветеринария. Техника. Сельское хозяйство > Управление предприятиями. Организация производства, торговли и транспорта,
- Прикладные науки. Медицина. Ветеринария. Техника. Сельское хозяйство > Медицина > Патология. Клиническая медицина,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ПРИКЛАДНЫЕ НАУКИ. МЕДИЦИНА. ТЕХНИКА. СЕЛЬСКОЕ ХОЗЯЙСТВО > Медицина > Патология. Клиническая медицина,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ПРИКЛАДНЫЕ НАУКИ. МЕДИЦИНА. ТЕХНИКА. СЕЛЬСКОЕ ХОЗЯЙСТВО > Управление предприятиями. Организация производства, торговли и транспорта.
In 2017, the Sakha Republic’s Occupational Pathology Center marks its 25th anniversary. A great contribution to its organization was made by Ara Andreevna Bezrodnykh, Honored Worker of Science of Yakutia, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of the Medical and Treatment Faculty of the Yakutsk State University. The article describes the stages of development of the occupational medicine service in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), its main achievements in scientific, organizational, medical-diagnostic, preventive, and educational work. Today the Sakha Republic’s Occupational Pathology Center is the only medical institution in the republic that provides the coordination and arrangement of medical examinations and consultations to persons working in harmful and dangerous work conditions, also to persons engaged in the work of the high-risk units. The centre examines any association of the disease with the profession and assesses professional suitability. The article presents the statistical data on the chronic occupational diseases in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) in the recent years, their dynamics and structure. As of the beginning of 2017, more than 3,000 patients with various chronic diseases were registered in the Sakha Republic’s Occupational Pathology Center. In the period from 2012 to 2016, each year the Center identified from 114 to 199 new cases. The incidence of chronic occupational pathology varies from 2.5 to 4.4 cases per 10,000 working population, which is 1.5-2.5 times higher than the average all-Russian indicators. Among newly diagnosed patients in 2016, 79 % were working in mining enterprises, 17.1 % - transport and communications workers, 1 % - construction, 1 % - health care, etc. According to the analysis of the structure of the first identified occupational diseases for 2016, the leading place is occupied by diseases of respiratory organs - 26,2 %, hearing loss - 26 %, vibration disease -24.04 %, diseases of musculoskeletal system and peripheral nervous system from the functional surge - 22.6 %. In the recent years, there has been noted the increased pathology of the respiratory and musculoskeletal system and peripheral nervous system. These changes may be due to the improvement of the quality of periodic medical examinations conducted by specialists of medical institutions, as well as due to the changes in the social and economic situation
25 лет профпатологической службе Республтики Саха (Якутии) / Э. Э. Конникова, А. Л. Ветохин, Ф. М. Терютин, А. Г. Попова // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия: Медицинские науки.— 2017. — N 4 (09). — С. 51-54.
Количество страниц: 4 с.
Preserving and improving health of the population in severe climatic and geographical conditions of the North is a priority strategic task of the executive power, medical science, practical health care and innovative development of the region; and providing with high-quality food is a matter of ensuring the national security and increasing the living standards of the population. Meanwhile, insufficient skills of a healthy lifestyle and food culture, as well worse food products have become the main problem requiring special attention when enhancing health and introducing the healthy food policy in the republic. The purpose of this study is an assessment of the actual nutrition and dietary habits in the population of Yakutia.The article presents the results of assessing the actual nutrition of the population in different medico-economic zones of the republic (industrial, agricultural, Arctic) with the frequency analysis of food consumption. The survey covered 6,760 adults and 3,760 children. The basic parameters and components of actual nutrition and eating habits are determined by standardized methods of evaluatingthe frequency of consumption and daily reproduction of food. The survey established insufficient consumption of such food products as milk, fish and meat, including localproducts and traditional dishes. The data obtained serve as a medical-biological justification for searching the ways of optimizing nutrition of the population, creatingspecialized products with a functional purpose and preventingthe states and diseases connected with malnutrition. They also define the innovative development of the republic in the sphere of biotechnologies for producing specialized foods for various groups of the population. The results of studying the chemical composition most-used wildedible plants of Yakutia are given. Currently, the results of these studies form a fundamental scientific base for development of conceptual documents, regulatory legal acts, educational and methodical complexes in the field of optimizing food patterns, providing food products and forming skills aimed at improved food culture in the population of Yakutia
Актуальные вопросы культуры питания населения Якутии: современное состояние, проблемы и перспективы развития / У. М. Лебедева, К. М. Степанов, А. М. Лебедева [и другие] // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия: Медицинские науки.— 2017. — N 4 (09). — С. 55-58.
Количество страниц: 6 с.
- Общественные науки. Образование > Народное образование. Воспитание. Обучение. Организация досуга > Организация воспитания и образования. Школоведение,
- Прикладные науки. Медицина. Ветеринария. Техника. Сельское хозяйство > Медицина > Гигиена. Санитария,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ПРИКЛАДНЫЕ НАУКИ. МЕДИЦИНА. ТЕХНИКА. СЕЛЬСКОЕ ХОЗЯЙСТВО > Медицина > Гигиена. Санитария,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ОБЩЕСТВЕННЫЕ НАУКИ > Народное образование. Воспитание. Обучение. Организация досуга.
Health as a category is one of the main elements of the national wealth of each state and serves as one of the indicators of the effective operation of the state, social and economic structures, affects all aspects of the society and is simultaneously determined by them. The urgent task of the society and medicine is to study social problems of children and adolescents, the relationship between health indicators and the way of life of children and adolescents. The article presents the results of case follow-up according to the medical examination of 9th grade schoolchildren in Yakutsk. The children’s health condition was tested with the use of a the hardware and software complex and a comprehensive examination. Based on the results of the comprehensive survey, a group of children with risk factors for the development of non-communicable diseases was identified, they were given recommendations on maintaining a healthy lifestyle and were covered by recreational activities. The case follow-up of the children with risk factors showed a positive dynamics in their health condition
Саввина, Н. В. Анализ состояния здоровья школьников г. Якутска по данным динамического наблюдения за 2016-2017 / Н. В. Саввина, В. И. Еремеева, Т. В. Егорова // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия: Медицинские науки.— 2017. — N 3 (08). — С. 31-35.
Количество страниц: 4 с.
Recently, numerous studies have confirmed the existence of a certain relationship between Helicobacter pylori (HP) - associated gastroduodenal diseases and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). HP is found in the gastric mucosa in patients with GERD in 52.4 %, which is significantly lower than in the general population: 73-91 % [2, 5]. In adults with chronic gastritis (CG), HP is detected in over 80 % cases, peptic ulcer of the stomach - 70-85 %, peptic ulcer of duodenum (PUD) - 90-95 % [1, 3, 4]. Attention was drawn to the fact that after successful eradication of HP infection, the number of patients with HP-associated PU decreased, and the number of patients with GERD, in contrast, significantly increased by about 2 times [7, 8]. The clinical picture of GERD is very diverse and variable: it can be typical and atypical, with characteristic clinical “masks” (coronary, pulmonary, otolaryngological mask, etc.) Chronic gastritis with dyspepsia syndrome caused by Helicobacter pylori infection should be regarded as a manifestation of functional dyspepsia. According to the Roman Criteria IV (2016), there are two criteria for the functional dyspepsia syndrome: postprandial distress syndrome and epigastric pain syndrome. Peptic ulcer is a systemic gastroenterological disease with a multifactorial pathogenesis, and HP infection is one of the important but locally predominant factors in its pathogenesis and the indicator of relapses of HP-associated forms
Клинико-эндоскопическая характеристика ГЭРБ, хронического гастрита и язвенной болезни у различных этнических групп больных, проживающих в условиях Севера / Н. В. Аввакумова, Л. Г. Чибыева, К. М. Николаева [и другие] // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия: Медицинские науки.— 2017. — N 4 (09). — С. 8-11.
Количество страниц: 10 с.
This review article presents a modern concept of vitamin D metabolism, which is a seco-steroid prohormone. For many years, it was believed that the main action of vitamin D was to provide calcium-phosphorus homeostasis. Hormone-active metabolite of vitamin D - calcitriol 1, 25 (OH)2D has a pleiotropic effect, which is realized through the vitamin D receptors (VDR), located in the target organs: bones, muscles, intestines, kidneys, heart, prostate, mammary glands, pancreas, immune system. The VDR gene has a high variability of polymorphic sequences. Of the more than 30 known single nucleotide sequences, the most studied are ApaI (rs7975232), BsmI (rs1544410), FokI (rs2228570), TaqI (rs731236) and Cdx2 (rs11568820). In recent years, the results of multicenter, cohort studies, which investigated the role of VDR polymorphism in the development of pathology of various human organs and systems. The prevalence of VDR alleles polymorphism has ethnic differences
На заметку клиницисту: современный взгляд на метаболизм витамина Д и полиморфизм гена рецептора витамина Д / А. И. Пальшина, С. Г. Пальшина, С. Л. Сафонова, В. Г. Пальшин // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия: Медицинские науки.— 2018. — N 3 (12). — С. 34-42.
Количество страниц: 8 с.
- Общественные науки. Образование > Народное образование. Воспитание. Обучение. Организация досуга > Высшее образование. Высшая школа. Подготовка научных кадров,
- Прикладные науки. Медицина. Ветеринария. Техника. Сельское хозяйство > Медицина > Патология. Клиническая медицина,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ОБЩЕСТВЕННЫЕ НАУКИ > Народное образование. Воспитание. Обучение. Организация досуга > Высшее образование. Высшая школа. Подготовка научных кадров,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ПРИКЛАДНЫЕ НАУКИ. МЕДИЦИНА. ТЕХНИКА. СЕЛЬСКОЕ ХОЗЯЙСТВО > Медицина > Патология. Клиническая медицина.
In the process of teaching students the curse on propaedeutics of internal diseases and for the control of knowledge, there are various methods applied - problem studies and test control. Propaedeutic therapy involves the study of methods of examining the patient in the clinic of internal diseases and primary assimilation of the clinical thinking elements. Logically holistic structures of tasks aimed at creating methods of thinking open the real potential of developing general and special mechanisms of mental activity in students: synthesis, analysis, and abstraction. A problem-solving exercise involves creating a problematic situation when a student can not complete the task by the ways known to him and must find a new way of acting. Accordingly, the problematic activity helps to build skills for diagnostic search, using the “from simple to complex” method. The pedagogical control, based on the feedback principle, is understood as timely and constant adjustments of mental activities of students, with confirmation of the correct answer and correction of errors serving as further training motivation. Test control, as a modification of the pedagogical control, is an easy-to-implement and effective option used as a feedback between the lecturer and the student. Test control assists in solving two main problems in managing the optimization of training: firstly, the time spent by lecturers and students and, secondly, the achieved educational outcome. In accordance with the integrative approach, test tasks are not the result of mechanical interaction, but of complex interaction of individual images properties. A systematic, orderly, focused test of knowledge control provides effective learning of a large amount of new information by students, develops the ability to exercise self-control and self-evaluation, meets the important objective - to use every minute of the student and faculty time fully and effectively
Дайбаннырова, Л. В. Оптимизация учебного процесса на курсе пропедевтики внутренних болезней / Л. В. Дайбаннырова, Л. Г. Чибыева // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия: Медицинские науки.— 2017. — N 1 (06). — С. 64-70.
Количество страниц: 4 с.
- Общественные науки. Образование > Народное образование. Воспитание. Обучение. Организация досуга > Профессиональное и среднее специальное образование,
- Общественные науки. Образование > Народное образование. Воспитание. Обучение. Организация досуга > Высшее образование. Высшая школа. Подготовка научных кадров,
- Прикладные науки. Медицина. Ветеринария. Техника. Сельское хозяйство > Медицина > Патология. Клиническая медицина,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ОБЩЕСТВЕННЫЕ НАУКИ > Народное образование. Воспитание. Обучение. Организация досуга > Высшее образование. Высшая школа. Подготовка научных кадров,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ОБЩЕСТВЕННЫЕ НАУКИ > Народное образование. Воспитание. Обучение. Организация досуга > Профессиональное и среднее специальное образование,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ПРИКЛАДНЫЕ НАУКИ. МЕДИЦИНА. ТЕХНИКА. СЕЛЬСКОЕ ХОЗЯЙСТВО > Медицина > Патология. Клиническая медицина.
The issues of organizing the students’individual work and education in the modern conditions of globalization, snowballing growth of information technologies, mass distribution of insobriety, alcoholism, smoking, drug addiction, local wars, and various American sanctions are topical. The goal of the report is to share the thoughts and experience in organizing the students’ individual work and education at the course of pathological anatomy of the NEFU Medical Institute. Since 1977, we have introduced in the educational process the definition of pathological anatomy as a science, which favors conscious coverage of the pathological anatomy fundamentals. To control the students’ individual work, we have introduced three copybooks to be brought to each class with the completed assignments: the protocols of morphological examination, a copybook for lectures and a copybook for individual work on the topics of pathological anatomy. In conclusion, it should be noted that defining pathological anatomy as a science is of key significance in the students’ individual work; it assists conscious acquisition of the pathological anatomy fundamentals and forms the clinical-anatomic thinking of the future doctors. The formation of patriotism and sober lifestyle is important for the patriotic, spiritual and moral education of students; knowing Russian anthem is the key instrument here. We suggest to hold a conference, conversations and meetings with the participants of the Great Patriotic War (WWII) and labor veterans, dedicated to the 75th Anniversary of Victory in the Great Patriotic War
Башарин, К. Г. Современные формы организации самостоятельной работы и воспитания студентов на кафедре нормальной и патологической анатомии / К. Г. Башарин // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия: Медицинские науки.— 2017. — N 1 (06). — С. 83-86.
Количество страниц: 4 с.
- Общественные науки. Образование > Народное образование. Воспитание. Обучение. Организация досуга > Высшее образование. Высшая школа. Подготовка научных кадров,
- Прикладные науки. Медицина. Ветеринария. Техника. Сельское хозяйство > Медицина > Патология. Клиническая медицина,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ОБЩЕСТВЕННЫЕ НАУКИ > Народное образование. Воспитание. Обучение. Организация досуга > Высшее образование. Высшая школа. Подготовка научных кадров,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ПРИКЛАДНЫЕ НАУКИ. МЕДИЦИНА. ТЕХНИКА. СЕЛЬСКОЕ ХОЗЯЙСТВО > Медицина > Патология. Клиническая медицина.
Over the past six years Russian medical schools have been training students in compliance with new educational standards. The current training will allow students to participate in the medical assistance and graduates to work as doctors, because in the process of learning sufficient attention is paid to the practice. Therefore, according to the new standards in medical schools, beginning with the undergraduate level, more time is given to practical exercises. For the purpose of practical teaching methods” in the educational process of training of students of medical Institute was developed and implemented a new elective course on Clinical Allergology. It is important to emphasize that shape the students’ competencies should be focused on the semantic component of the leading types of medical activities. We have developed a working program of discipline and teaching discipline to meet all required competencies. Special attention in reading the course on Clinical Allergology is given to the issues of emergency care for anaphylactic shock and acute urticaria. Instructors developed lectures with detailed training material. The topics of the prepared lectures are relevant for the work of district specialists: “Bronchial asthma: etiology, epidemiology, methods of diagnosis, standards of treatment”, “Allergic rhinitis and pollen Allergy”, “Atopic dermatitis: peculiarities and modern treatment standards”, “Emergency anafilaxiaһ. Particular attention is paid to organization of independent work of students, which is one of the most important components of the educational process and the condition for the development of competence of students. Independent work implies the use of situational tasks and tests designed for each lesson in the students’ preparation to classes. The test in the course includes the control of acquired practical skills of first aid. The introduction of new clinical disciplines promotes the acquisition of professional knowledge and skills
Иванова, О. Н. Элективный курс "Клиническая аллергология" в образовательном процессе студента Медицинского института / О. Н. Иванова // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия: Медицинские науки.— 2017. — N 1 (06). — С. 96-98.
Количество страниц: 4 с.
- Общественные науки. Образование > Народное образование. Воспитание. Обучение. Организация досуга > Высшее образование. Высшая школа. Подготовка научных кадров,
- Прикладные науки. Медицина. Ветеринария. Техника. Сельское хозяйство > Медицина > Патология. Клиническая медицина,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ПРИКЛАДНЫЕ НАУКИ. МЕДИЦИНА. ТЕХНИКА. СЕЛЬСКОЕ ХОЗЯЙСТВО > Медицина > Патология. Клиническая медицина,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ОБЩЕСТВЕННЫЕ НАУКИ > Народное образование. Воспитание. Обучение. Организация досуга > Высшее образование. Высшая школа. Подготовка научных кадров.
The purpose of the Clinical Pathophysiology course is to form the basis for the rational medical thinking and effective actions of a future doctor. Clinical Pathophysiology helps students and physicians to develop the ability to analyze and synthesize individual facts, logic modeling of specific situations and systemic thinking. The Clinical Pathophysiology course offers a great opportunity to establish ties not only with basic medical and natural sciences (Biology, Physics, Chemistry, Genetics) disciplines, but with all clinical ones (Therapy, Surgery, Oncology, Hematology, Cardiology, and others.). Pathophysiology serves as a “bridge” between the theoretical and clinical disciplines. The main objective of the Pathophysiology course is the acquisition of pathophysiological thinking skills and the ability to apply theoretical knowledge in practice by students. The article summarizes the experience of teaching the Clinical Pathophysiology course for students of General Therapy Department, Medical Institute, M.K.Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University (NEFU). The article describes the basic goals and objectives of the course, applied educational technologies. It demonstrates the necessity of integrating basic and clinical knowledge in the training of doctors in compliance with modern trends in the development of medical science
Захарова, Ф. А. Интеграция фундаментальных и клинических знаний в образовательном процессе / Ф. А. Захарова, Л. А. Малышева, А. А. Стрекаловская // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия: Медицинские науки.— 2017. — N 1 (06). — С. 46-49.